Internet Phishing Essay

Web Phishing is the 21st century wrongdoing with stories running everywhere throughout the globe on how casualties are capitulating to this assault. While the individuals completing this undertaking, have constantly grown increasingly modern techniques for wrongdoing, while then again, organizations have been consistently looking for arrangements on the most proficient method to ensure their customers’ individual information and increment their email security. While a large portion of the associations around the globe are engaging for better and more secure arrangements, the greater part of them are finding a way to forestall phishing. This paper plans to talk about the advances and security imperfections that are utilized by Phishers to misuse information. Alongside this, the some nonpartisan prompt is additionally introduced on the most proficient method to battle the developing issue of Phishing. The word â€Å"phishing† at first originates from the equality that early Internet crooks utilized email draws to â€Å"phish† for passwords and financial information from a gathering of Internet clients. The utilization of â€Å"ph† in the phrasing is incompletely lost with time and has been in all likelihood connected with other hacking words like â€Å"Phreaks† which follows back to early programmers who were associated with â€Å"phreaking† _ the hacking of phone frameworks. Phishing utilizes the vast majority of the well known web correspondence channels, satirize messages so as to bait casualty into their snare so as to take the electronic character of the person in question. Phishing is identified with the demonstration of deceiving clients with their classified data for disgusting use. Phishing focuses on the utilization of mass messages like Spam and regularly utilize bots to consequently target casualties. Any online business may discover Phishers taking on the appearance of them and focusing on their client base. The size of the association doesn't make a difference a lot here however it is the estimation of the data that is harvested by such kinds of assaults. There has been a raising measure of increment in the quantity of phishing assaults and now the Phishers assault a group of people size in the scope of a huge number of clients around the globe. These email addresses have been found at the enormous online retail sites where web clients will in general present their email id’s at the snap of a mouse. A portion of these sites have likewise been seen as phony and unlawful which permit the Phishers to handily trick the clients into presenting their own data effectively before distinguishing any sort of wellbeing issues. While the strategy for Spam was very irritating and oppressive, Phishing can possibly legitimately assault the significant information and make misfortunes because of unlawful cash moves. As the examination recommends, more than 57 million web clients in the United States have just distinguished the connections in their messages to phishing tricks. An amazing number of 1. 7 million individuals have just fallen prey to these phishing assaults and have been fooled into presenting their own data. As indicated by R James, â€Å"With different specialists lauding restrictive increases or community enhancements to center message conveyance conventions, for example, SMTP, associations may feel that they should hang tight for outsider fixes to open up before finding an answer for Phishing. While the security disappointments inside SMTP are to be sure a well known adventure vector for Phishers, there are an undeniably exhibit of correspondence channels accessible for noxious message conveyance. † With time, the idea of Phishing has expanded by numerous folds and now Phishers are attracting the casualties by an assortment of approaches to reveal their own just as money related data. Counterfeit sites, establishment of Trojan pony key-lumberjacks and screen catches, and man-in-the-center information intermediaries are a portion of these apparatuses utilized by Phishers. These sites likewise incorporate places of work and even rewarding propositions for employment. Individuals who are searching for colossal sums cash on the web inside a limited ability to focus time, are the ones who are tricked effectively on these sites. These clients open up a financial balances and utilize this ledger to get cash and afterward moving this cash to their very own ledgers. These sites really draw the casualties by causing them to play out various safe looking activities that at last gives access to the user’s individual record data. A large portion of the correspondence channels that are most famously utilized on the interne, for example, email, greeting pages, IRC, informing frameworks, are additionally utilized openly for the reason for Phishing. In these cases, the phisher needs to mirror a dependable hotspot for the casualty to accept. Till date the best of the phishing tricks have been finished with the assistance of messages. In these tricks the Phisher duplicates some sending position (e. g. mocking the source email address and inserting fitting corporate logos). For instance, a web client recives an email from an email address like support@bank. com and the email contains the headline â€Å" security update† and contains a solicitation as to approve their own record data so as to stop a security danger that has been started for them. In the wake of perusing this messages, over 70% of the web clients would send their own record data so as to get checked by reaching the email sender and mentioning them to drop the request or the exchange. After this the phisher now requests that they uncover their own data and accordingly effectively draws the casualty into his snare. Countering the Threat As effectively expressed above there are various phishing techniques that can be utilized by the Phishing people group. To battle these dangers, there are a blend of data security advancements and strategies that are accessible for the web clients so as to protect their own information from Phishing tricks. For the best outcomes and security, these wellbeing measures ought to be put onto the three intelligent layers of the framework being referred to.

Carbon footprint Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Carbon impression - Research Paper Example As indicated by an exploration led by University of California, normal American family carbon outflows are about 19.8 metric huge amounts of carbon emanations. Notwithstanding, a portion of our exercises increment the normal degree of carbon outflows. In my day by day schedule, I use to make a trip in my vehicle to a reasonable separation to the exercise center where I exercise for around 1 hour and afterward take sauna for around 15 minutes and afterward venture out back to home. The all out separation to exercise center from my home and structure rec center to my house is around 10 miles that includes 1.43 metric huge amounts of carbon discharge to my individual carbon impression. Working out at exercise center for 1 hour further includes 0.28 metric ton of carbon impression every year. In the comparative way, my food carbon impression is likewise high, as I do like cheddar and meat that have the most carbon impression (Environmental Protection Agency, 2014). I have an old wasteful cooler at home that makes a ton of commotion yet less cooling. The carbon impression of the cooler is around 175 Kg. My TV impression is around 215 Kg that is the specific estimation of discharged carbon-dioxide from a TV in the event that we use it for 4 hours day by day. I nearly use the watching machine day by day that includes around 91 Kg of carbon discharge to my individual carbon impression (Vaughan, 2009). So as to decrease my own carbon impression, I should change my way of life, especially, a portion of the exercises that have higher carbon impression. The exercises like sauna, exercise, driving in vehicle to the rec center, staring at the TV and utilizing glowing lights are required to be changed (Sovacool and Brown, 2010). At extremely beginning stage, I will figure the calories that I lessen during the exercise at rec center and sauna. It is smarter to do any other exercise like cycling, running or some other action. Cycling for short separation for basic food item lessens the movements carbon impression just as diminishes the carbohydrate level of the body and makes an individual fit. I will

Random Admission Thoughts-October 2016 edition - UGA Undergraduate Admissions

Random Admission Thoughts-October 2016 edition - UGA Undergraduate Admissions Random Admission Thoughts-October 2016 edition We are about a week out from the Early Action application deadline, and one day past the document deadline. As such, there are a wide range of questions that are hitting us right now. Here are a few thoughts on the issues that we are seeing most often. ACT Scores -The ACT has announced that the September ACT scores with Writing are being reviewed and sent out slower than expected, but they still project having all scores sent to colleges within 3-8 weeks of the test being taken. Our office knew this timeline going into our Early Action planning, and so we will continue to import ACT scores through the projected 8 week out delivery date. Please be patient, as we do not control the sending of the scores, only the uploading of the scores once we receive them. Our office uploads test scores on Tuesdays and Fridays, so be patient. ACT Screen Shot of Scores While the ACT has suggested that colleges might accept a screen shot of the ACT scores, we do not want these sent to us. As I stated above, we have planned for the long timeline that ACT has in sending out scores, so we will continue to import scores for EA (and RD). Again, do not send a screen shot of your scores, as we will not use it. SAT Scores The SAT recently modified their test score format and delivery method, so for the week of 10/19-10/23, they did not send out any scores as they changed over to the new system. They expect that they will be back to normal sending SAT scores (which include the October 3rd scores) on 10/26 (update-College Board sent these scores late on 10/27, so we loaded them on 10/28. SAT scores requested on 10/15 or after have not been sent yet.). Again, please be patient, as we need time to then receive the scores and upload them. We will be accepting scores for a little while longer to take into account the delays in the SAT and ACT delivery issues. Incomplete EA Applications -If for some reason your file is incomplete when we stop accepting test scores and documents, your application will be deferred and you will then have until 1/15 to complete part II and submit any missing items. You should not cancel your application, and you do not need to request a change to Regular Decision, as we will just defer your application so you can take the next steps. Strong Applicant Pool We have 14,515 Early Action applicants (about a 10% increase over last year), and all indications are that this group is stronger academically than last year. What does this mean? It means that it will most likely be a little more challenging to be admitted Early Action this year. No data or facts on the applicant pool to release at this time, but it is a strong group of students. Prepare Yourself Early Action applicants have self selected to apply EA because they feel comfortable with our office reviewing their academic credentials now, so these are generally very strong students. As such, we will be admitting, deferring and denying a large number of students. While you may know your academic information, and somewhat the academic profile of your peers/HS friends, we are dealing with 14,515 students from all over the globe. You only know a small slice of the applicant pie, while we are looking at the overall group. As such, hope for an admission offer, but also know that if you are deferred, know that this is not a deny. A deferral is simply our office asking for more time and more information so we can do a more detailed review. Patience Right now, just be patient as our office continues to match up documents and test scores, reviews files, and plans out our Early Action decisions. Read a book, see a movie, take a nap. Just be calm and wait for the next step in the Early Action process. I hope this helps, and Go Dawgs!

The 49 Techniques from Teach Like a Champion

The 49 Techniques first came to our attention in a March 7, 2010 article in the New York Times Magazine entitled Can Good Teaching Be Learned? The story focused on the book Teach Like a Champion by Doug Lemov. Having taught with mixed success in inner-city Philadelphia, some of us recognized the efficacy of the techniques, even in tough to handle classrooms. This article brings links to some of the blogs we found useful regarding this topic. Setting High Academic Expectations Technique One: No Opt Out. Teachers with high expectations dont accept I dont know, but expect students to be engaged and give it a shot.Technique Two: Right is Right. This technique accepts no half-answers but asks for complete and correct answers to questions.Technique Three: Stretch It. This technique pushes a teacher to take correct answers and ask students to add depth or nuance to their answers.Technique Four: Format Matters. High expectations also means only accepting students answers in complete sentence with good grammar.Technique Five: No Apologies. Teachers with high expectations dont apologize for what they teach. No more Sorry I have to teach you Shakespeare.Technique 39: Do It Again. Repetition is one way to be sure that students understand what you expect and that it is done to your standards. Planning that Ensures Academic Achievement Technique Six: Begin with the End. This planning technique focuses on the outcome instead of what you want to do during the period.Technique Seven: The Four Ms. The four ms of planning are:ManageableMeasureableMade FirstMost Important.Technique Eight: Post It. Be sure your students know your objective for the day by posting it on the board.Technique Nine: The Shortest Path. Although teachers are often enamored with clever approaches, Lemov asserts that the shortest path to the objective is the most effective.Technique 10: Double Plan. Double planning involves planning not only what you will do, but also what the students will do during a lesson.Technique 11: Draw the Map. Drawing the map is controlling the environment by wisely grouping students through the seating chart. Structuring and Delivering Your Lessons Technique 12: The Hook. Introducing the lesson with a hook, an activity or item that grabs the attention of your students will help enhance your lesson.Technique 13: Name the steps. Great coaches, like great teachers, break down the tasks into steps.Technique 14: Board Paper. This technique means that students put everything you put on the board on their paper.Technique 15: Circulate. Keep moving! Drawing the map suggests making room between the desks so the teacher moves unhindered.Technique 16: Break it Down. Breaking it down requires the teacher to use the wrong answers and help students discover the correct number.Technique 17: Ratio Part One. This is a complex idea and requires two parts! It involves increasing student participation and limiting teacher talk.Technique 17: Ratio Part Two. More strategies for increasing the time students are involved in discussion.Technique 18: Check for Understanding. This is an on your feet method of data collection, sort of a formative assessm ent on the run.Technique 19: At Bats. Baseball coaches know that the best way to increase effectiveness is to increase the number of times they are at bat.Technique 20: Exit Ticket. An exit ticket is a quick formative assessment of the lesson your students just finished.Technique 21: Take a Stand. This technique encourages students to have opinions and to take stands on those opinions. Engaging Students in your Lesson Technique 22: Cold Calls. Like the sales technique, the teacher asks someone who is unsuspecting for an answer. It avoids opting out, and keeps all your students on their toes.Technique 23: Call and Response. This technique uses a tradition from African American hymnody and creates a way that the whole class can participate in questioningTechnique 24: Pepper. Like a coach lobbing balls to his fielders, a teacher can pepper his or her students with fast-paced questions, which makes it fun and keeps students on their toes.Technique 25: Wait Time. Teachers are too often too impatient, and provide an answer to their own question when no student pops a hand up. On the other hand, teachers also dont give students time to shape a complete, thoughtful response to a question.Technique 26: Everybody Writes. What goes on the board needs to go in the notebooks.Technique 27: Vegas. Nothing like a little glitz to liven up classroom instruction! Creating a Strong Classroom Culture Technique 28: Entry Routine. Having a structured entry routine expedites the beginning of instruction.Technique 29: Do Now. Familiar to elementary teachers and devotees of Harry Wong as bell work, Do Nows are brief academic tasks to review the previous days work or to introduce the days new work.Technique 30: Tight Transitions. Transitions need to be scripted and rehearsed, so little time is wasted between instructional activities.Technique 32: SLANT. SLANT is an acronym for what excellent attention behavior looks like.Technique 33: On Your Mark. Coaches expect athletes to be ready to engage in their sport. In the same way, a teacher shows students what they need to be on their mark.Technique 34: Seat Signals. Simple hand signals simplify requesting routine interruptions, such as using a bathroom or getting a pencil, can eliminate some of the waste of time that plague instruction.Technique 35: Props. In Teach Like a Champion, parlance, props are fun routines the class does together t o support the success of their peers. Building and Maintaining High Behavioral Expectations Technique 36: 100 Percent. Champion teachers dont create unreasonable behavioral expectations, because their final expectation is that everyone conforms all (100%) of the time.Technique 37: What to Do. Be sure, if you are asking for compliance, that you have been very explicit in explaining what it is you want your students To Do.Technique 38: Strong Voice Part One and Part Two. This technique, strong voice, is one that separates the really effective teacher from the adequate. Its in two parts so you understand its use and how to acquire it. The Blogs below continue the chapter Setting and Maintaining High Behavioral Expectations. Technique 39: Do It Again. This technique is perhaps the only negative consequence that truly works. When students fail to meet your standards, you ask them to Do it again. They model the appropriate behavior but are eager not to have to do it again.Technique 40: Sweat the Details. Building on the broken window theory of policing, Lemov notes that maintaining high standards will have positive effects across the classroom environment.Technique 41: Threshold. This threshold is the one at the door. By meeting and greeting students as they enter you can set the tone for your class.Technique 42: No Warnings. Responding early and proportionately can help you avoid real crises. So rather than giving warning, you mete out consequences when the behavior is still only a minor problem. Building Character and Trust Technique 43 Part 1: Positive Framing. Positive Framing means casting things in a way that is positive and leads to appropriate behavior. This blog starts with three strategies to help you frame it positively.Technique 43 Part 2. Three more strategies for framing classroom experiences positively.Technique 44: Precise Praise. Rather than cheap praise, precise praise is valued by students because it describes what it is you are pleased with.Technique 45: Warm and Strict. It may seem that warm and strict are contradictory, but effective teachers can be both at the same time.Technique 46: The J Factor. The J in J factor stands for Joy. This technique offers ideas to help your students experience the Joy!Technique 47: Emotional Constancy. An effective teacher keeps his or her emotions in check and doesnt make it all about him or herself. Make your good moods about good performance, not about pleasing you.Technique 48: Explain Everything. Be sure your students understand why you do what yo u do, as the why is an important part of instruction.Technique 49: Normalize Error. If students understand that errors are not the end of the world but an opportunity to learn, they will be more willing to take risks and more likely to learn. Teach Like a Champion is an excellent resource for teaching, especially for middle school and high school students. Besides the 49 techniques, it includes recommendations for improving instructional delivery. The book also includes video demonstrations of the techniques which make it well worth investing in the book.

The Philosophy Of Humanism During The Early Renaissance

A significant increase in secular art began in the early Renaissance because of an enormous gain of wealth by Florence in the early 15th century. The philosophy of humanism began, combining the values of both spirituality and the worth of the human mind and experience. The republics people valued the individualism in humanism, believing their society and its values to represent liberty and freedom. (Harris Zucker, n.d., para.6). As a result, wealth combined with an interest in portraying individual power, piety, and human experience created a thriving artistic market whose patronage was no longer confined to the exclusive domain of the church. Rather, wealthy private families and government officials began to hire artists with increasing†¦show more content†¦Beginning with the Renaissance, the dignity of individuals and importance of nature was explored in artistic design and specifics that strove for the deception of reality, inspired by human curiosity and scientific inter est. Artists as the periods went on got to the the level of theorists and intellectuals, their skills becoming a relation to their minds as opposed to their previous treatment in the middle Ages as craftsmen. For example, the subjects of sculpture and paintings often reflected â€Å"a growing interest in private meditation and prayer’(Harris Zucker, n.d., para 2), and the desire of important patrons to create powerful visual displays of wealth and imagery that cast themselves in a dignified light lead to growing numbers of artists being commissioned for portraits. During the 15th century, for instance, the Italian Renaissance resulted in wealthy, cultured Florentine families becoming frequent art patrons, desiring beautiful and tasteful art for their homes. â€Å"The Triumph of 0amillus†, painted by Biagio d’Antonio 1470-1475 was likely purchased as a panel to show in a domestic environment. The painting depicts a scene from the Roman author Livy’s writings of a triumphal parade for 0amillus after he and his troops saved Rome from invading Gauls (National Gallery of Art, n.d., para 2) For instance, the items paintings and ofShow MoreRelatedTaking a Look at the European Renaissance Essays1385 Words   |  6 Pagesfoundation for the concept of modern humanism was established during the Renaissance in Europe, which took place during the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. The European Renaissance indicates a milestone in the shift of the human thought process. During this time period, people became less focused on matters of theism and more focused on exercising philosophies of reason, individuality, and learning. Numerous people developed an interest in a philosophy known as humanism, also referred to as humanisticRead MoreThe Middle Ages And The Renaissance1137 Words   |  5 Pagesinnovations that followed the Middle Ages and was branded as the Renaissance. 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Art became more realistic and focusedRead MoreHumanism and the Renaissance Arts1289 Words   |  5 PagesWhen discussing the Renaissance; the most intimate area of focus are, art and architecture. Although no one really talks about Renaissance being an obvious era of some of the greatest and most innovative masters of painting, sculptures and builders. Or even that It is also the most influential eras that marked the emergence of a great deal of Scholars, thinkers, writers and philosophers. Regardless the Renaissance (a French word for â€Å"rebirth†) was a much needed time for awakening, from the intellectualRead MoreThe Rebirth Of Ancient Cultures1462 Words   |  6 PagesRebirth of Ancient Cultures in Renaissance Florence Florence, Italy is known as the â€Å"cradle of the Renaissance† (la culla del Rinascimento). It is a city full of beautiful architecture, art, and history. 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The Holocaust †Why was this happening to me Free Essays

I could hardly breathe or move in the cramped animal wagon. The stench of filth and disease surrounded me and I longed for fresh air. My name is David Cohen and I cannot believe how my life was torn apart in such a short space of time, nor do I understand why it happened even after all these years later. We will write a custom essay sample on The Holocaust – Why was this happening to me? or any similar topic only for you Order Now I will never forget that warm April afternoon when I rushed home from helping in my Father’s jeweler’s store. I was surprised that the front door was open, but nevertheless ran in shouting for my Mother. I heard thuds and screeching as if the heavy furniture from upstairs was being moved. What’s the matter, Mother? † I yelled. Two burly soldiers dragged her out of the living room. â€Å"GO! † she screamed, through heavy sobbing. I just stood there, in the doorway, speechless with shock. I hesitated, but I turned and started to run in the direction of the door, but a third lofty soldier appeared as if from nowhere dived after me and just lifted me up as if I weighed nothing. We were rigorously marched down to the depressingly grey train station, which was in total and utter chaos. There was a massively indistinct mixture of hundreds of people sobbing, crying and arguing. â€Å"Where are we going? â€Å"What’s happening? † â€Å"I’ve lost my Mummy! † a child snivelled. â€Å"Where is she? † but nobody answered. The thickset soldiers shoved us brutally into a waiting cattle truck. There must have been fifty or more people already in this ‘carriage’. Daniel Leigh 11Saul Holocaust Coursework On the way to this man-made hell, I could smell the fear from all the people around me. In addition, there was the stench of remains of old bodies which had most likely died on the most treacherous journey from one place to another (I didn’t want to think about it then, but I figured that out after the war). As well as this, there was the reek of infection as the train was juddering past the sunny countryside. When we got out of the ‘train’, my eyes throbbed as I had to strain, a product of the very little amount of light in the ‘carriage’. It seemed to be a pleasant day. We were shoved into several ‘sorting fields’ where the men were separated from the women, the thin from the broad, and the weak from the strong. Also, there was a sorting field where people were made to say if they had an occupation. I said that I was a jeweler (I only had the experience from my Father’s shop, but I did not tell them). After the painful separation, the SS men ordered the teen-aged to the middle-aged and strong men and women into what they called ‘drill’ and instructed us into ‘rank’. Everybody was then divided into groups of two or three and told to proceed to a wooden hut. We were marched there. It must have been over a mile long. In the wooden hut there were the same machines that my Father used in his shop. I was deployed with a boy named Eric Drench, who was my age, which was then fifteen. The first night I was there was a terrible howling wind. I did not sleep at all, as I sensed that the future is not a particularly bright one. I asked Eric where he was from and where his family came about. He started to tell me his story: â€Å"Well my family lived in Poland, but the Nazi SS men came to take us away. My mother hid my brother, sister and me into our wine cellar and locked us up for a few days and told us not to worry. On the third day that we were in there, we heard thuds and screeching as if the heavy furniture from upstairs was being moved we stay put but Daniel Leigh 11Saul Holocaust Coursework we had the impulse to shout out: â€Å"What’s the matter, mother? † but we couldn’t. My eighteen year old rother David tried to open the hatch for the door of the wine cellar but it wouldn’t come open so somebody must have been standing on it. David tried again after about half an hour. He managed to open it. I said to be careful and open it slowly. He opened it very slowly and cautiously and he saw our parents being taken away as if they had committed a crime. David fell backwards in shock, he fainted. As my sister tried to comfort him, I looked outside the hatch, and to my utter astonishment, three burly soldiers were dragging my mother and shoving my father out of the door. I then had the most uncontrollable rge just to try and rescue my parents but I knew in my heart I couldn’t. Then, we waited and waited for the houses and the street to go quiet. After a while, we came out of the wine-cellar and I don’t know how I knew but I had knew that I would never see my parents again. We managed to collect as much food and water as possible and we went. We traveled the country for a couple of months, but inevitably we knew that we could not go on living like this so we found refuge in a church. They knew that we were Jews, but they didn’t hesitate to help. They employed, fed and clothed us for about a onth and then sent us on our way. This way, we had money, food, water and we did not look so Jewish- which I thought was a bad thing to give in to, but we had no choice. Eventually, in the freezing winter of last year, 1940, my sister Eva had died due to pneumonia, but my brother and I were still alive. We had stopped at an empty farm- only to discover that when we rested we found it incredibly hard to go on. Having sat down to rest, I suddenly realized how hungry we were. We carried on after a couple hours or so and then we were captured by four lofty Nazi soldiers and were sent here. By the Eric time had finished telling me about his experience, it was morning. I felt it first. I felt the cold air float over me, around me, and through me, like a spirit filling the room with nothing but the knowledge of its presence. We were dragged out of the cabin and were expected to sprint to another field. Daniel Leigh 11Saul Holocaust Coursework At the time when we had to queue to receive our lunch, it was completely out of control. When Eric finally got to the front of the ‘line’ there were two soldiers, one holding a whip. Eric said â€Å"Please may I have food, Sir? â€Å". They did not give him any food. The soldier holding the whip shouted for everyone to go back, but no-one did. He repeated it again, but this time he said: â€Å"GO BACK OR ELSE THE BOY ACQUIRES 30 LASHES!!! † Still, everyone kept pushing forward. As a result of this, the SS men canceled lunch and Eric got the 30 lashes. After this, he found it hard to breathe, let alone move or even work These sort of events continued for two more terrible years. After this period of time, Eric and I had formed a secret legion of the Jews which had survived through the loss of their families, the loss of some of the Jews which had tried to escape, but either died on the way (mines) or they were shot by the SS men. In this legion, we could practice our Jewish laws including praying and lighting the holy Shabbat candles (if we could scavenge them). One Friday night, we could not get hold of any candles so we prayed and sang through the night. The next day, Eric, whom I had become very friendly with gathered a few men together and we discussed our immediate future, and how that if we do not receive any help from people who have knowledge about the SS men, how they operate and what were their weaknesses. The next day, Shabbat, there was a battalion of Russian soldiers brought in to the concentration camp for ‘war crimes’, some of them were Jewish others were not but supported the Jewish way of life. One week after they arrived, the squadron leader approached our small but cosy gathering and started to mix with us. We hesitated at first but we adapted. After a while, they trained us as soldiers and we eventually escaped from the ultimate hell (for us) and Eric and myself lived on to fight in the American army and to the end of the war. Of the events of which I witnessed and live through, a nightmare invaded reality. How to cite The Holocaust – Why was this happening to me?, Papers

Production Characterization and Fuel †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Production Characterization and Fuel Properties. Answer: Introduction The concept of sustainability emerged in the 1960s and has gained a lot of importance in the past few decades because of the world population becoming more and more concerned about the environment around them. Sustainability can be defined as an approach that aims at optimum utilisation of earths natural resources in way that the present demand is met without having to compromise with the needs of the future generations. The concept of sustainability aims at assessing the effect of society and economic development on the environment in order to ensure continuous supply of natural resources. The increasing effect of human activities and the carbon footprint left on the environment is bringing about an emergency to stop certain practices that are depleting the environment and switch to a sustainable development and growth lifestyle (Anon., n.d.). (McCulloch Reid, 2015) Another important area where the concept of sustainability has emerged is business. Business organisations are now shifting towards sustainable business practices in order to reduce their impact on the environment, which also forms an important part of their corporate social responsibility (Zorn Collins, 2007). Sustainable living, in simple words, can be defined as a lifestyle that is based upon an objective of reducing a societys or an individuals consumption of the earths natural resource and personal resource in order to assure long term sustainability of these resources (Cubukcu, 2013). Two of the many important aspects of sustainable living are discussed below: Reducing wastage reducing the amount of wastage in a society or by an individual is one of the most important aspects of sustainable living because a sustainable living cannot achieved until and unless there is wastage of natural and personal resources in the society. Reducing wastage in sustainable living does not only implies to a reduction in the usage of natural resources to avoid wastage but also extends to a reduction in tonnes of wastage material that is dumped every year, which has an exponential impact on the environment because of the harmful effects that physical rubbish has on our land (The Wellbeing Team, n.d.). By informing the world population about the concept of sustainable living and waste reduction, it is possible to bring it to their notice that there is an emergency and it needs to be dealt with as soon as possible. A major area where wastage reduction is being practices is the food and power industry. People who have adopted a sustainable lifestyle aim at reduc ing their power consumption in order to avoid wastage of earths natural resources and also reducing wastage of food products. Recycling the second most important aspect of sustainable living is recycling. Recycling is defined as a process in which waste materials are converted into new materials and objects that can be used for various purposes (Grosse, 2010). Recycling, together with waste reduction, forms an important part of sustainable living and sustainable development as it not only aims at recycling the waste materials into something that can be put to use again but also aims at development of recyclable products and materials. The concept of sustainable living, recycling and green products has spread at such a fast pace and to such an extent that the present day customers are more interested in doing business with those organisations that follow sustainable business practices and develop green products (King, et al., 2005). In sustainable living, recycling plays an important role as it also aims at discovering renewable resources of energy that can be regenerated or recycles from time to time and c an help in the conservation of non-renewable resources of energy. Innovations to ensure sustainability In the past few years, the concept of sustainability and the intent to save the environment as a part of a business corporate social responsibility has shaped the decision making process of the company and also a lot of technological innovations that have helped in making the concept of sustainability possible. Some of the latest technological innovations that are helping in achieving individual as well as collective sustainability goals are discussed below: A recent technological innovation that might shape the future of sustainable living is the discovery of diesel fuel by a group of researchers working at the University of Illinois. The researchers have discovered a way of producing diesel fuel and other petroleum products with the use of grocery bags as a raw material. One of the best advantages of this newly discovered process is that the energy consumed in the conversion process from grocery bags to diesel fuel is way less than than the energy produced, which makes it an even better proposition for sustainable development and growth (Sharmaa, et al., 2014). Another major innovation in order to achieve sustainability is an initiative by an Indian entrepreneur, Ahmed Khan, who founded K.K. Plastic Waste Management in the early 1990s. The basic objective behind the starting of this company was to mix plastics with landfills and asphalts and develop a new material that could be used for building roads. Till date, over 1,000 miles of roads has been built using this newly discovered material and the roads have been found to wear better than the traditional roads, have a longer life and are more resistance towards monsoons. 3-D printing is another innovation that has made sustainable development and growth more possible than ever. If the resources are to be believed, a continuous development in the 3-D technology might make it possible to construct a complete house on a single day. 3-D printing uses grinded up plastics from households and other plastic waste and puts it into use for printing. 3-D printing has a number of other applications and can effectively deal with the wastage that is related to plastic bags and other plastic products (Berman, 2012). Another recent innovation that can help in achieving a sustainable growth and lifestyle is the discovery of a new technique by Scientists at the University of Adelaide that can help in turning plastic bags into high tech CNTs, also known as Carbon Nanotube Membranes. Carbon Nanotube Membranes are the strongest materials on this planet. They are hundreds of time stronger than steel when it comes to strength and are also six times lighter than steel. Owing to the strength of this material, nanotubes have been constructed with a length to diameter ratio of 132,000,000:1, which is impossible for any other material. CNTs are now being used for the production of innovative electronics, wind turbines, sensing devices and more. CNTs have a lot of potential and can change the way of living in the future by offering more opportunities in medical innovations. A recent attempt towards sustainable development has been the initiative taken by the American government to switch from papers to digital. In 2012, Barrack Obama signed a legislation that has made it mandatory for the EPA to move to a digital system of record keeping. Under this legislation, the retailers and commercial businesses will be able to report their hazardous waste to EPA via an e-manifest. Using this process, it would become easier for the American government to keep a track of industrial and commercial waste. Some countries have also made it mandatory for business organisations as well as individuals to follow composting practices. Composting is a natural process in which waste materials and decomposed organic matter is converted into a rich soil known as compost. Composting of organic matter can help the society in returning back the nutrients back to the soil and make sustainability possible (Bertoldi, et al., n.d.). Conclusion The concept of sustainability has been a debatable topic since its foundation back in the 1960s. The ever increasing effect of human activities on the Earths environment and ecology has increased the importance of sustainable practices in day-to-day life and business activities. Most of the people have started following sustainable practices in their day to day life as they feel that they have a role to play in saving their environment but some people still argue whether the concept of sustainability is sustainable in the long run. There are certain business organisations that have become more competitive by incorporating sustainable business practices in their business decisions and including the concept of sustainable business in their corporate social responsibility while there are some companies that argue that following sustainable business practices can throw them out of competition because the cost involved in sustainable business practices is much more than its returns. Despi te of large differences in viewpoints of people and business organisations, it is important that human beings start moving towards a sustainable lifestyle if they want their future generations to enjoy the Earths environment. Even business organisations will have to take the concept of sustainability seriously because they would not be able to carry out any business activities if this planet is lost because of the impact of human activities on the environment. References Anon., n.d. What is Sustainable Development. [Online] Available at: https://www.enb.gov.hk/en/susdev/sd/index.htm [Accessed 27 April 2017]. Zorn, T. E. Collins, E., 2007. Is Sustainability Sustainable. In: The Debate over Corporate Social Responsibility. s.l.:s.n. Cubukcu, E., 2013. Walking for Sustainable Living. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences , 20 September.Volume 85. The Wellbeing Team, n.d. How to reduce waste for sustainable living. [Online] Available at: https://www.wellbeing.com.au/at-home/planet/Reducing-waste-for-sustainable-living.html[Accessed 27 April 2017]. Grosse, F., 2010. Is recycling part of the solution? The role of recycling in an expanding society and a world of finite resources. SAPI EN. S. Surveys and Perspectives Integrating Environment and Society, 3(1). King, A. M., Burgess, S. C., Ijomah, W. McMahon, C. A., 2005. Reducing waste: repair, recondition, remanufacture or recycle?. 29 December.29(2). Sharmaa, B. K. et al., 2014. Production, characterization and fuel properties of alternative diesel fuel from pyrolysis of waste plastic grocery bags. Fuel Processing Technology, June.Volume 122. Berman, B., 2012. 3-D printing: The new industrial revolution. Business Horizons, April.55(2). McCulloch, R. Reid, A., 2015. Your Business Degree. s.l.:s.n. Bertoldi, M. d., Vallini, G. Pera, A., n.d. The biology of composting: A review. Waste Management Research, 1(2).

Machavelli Essays (709 words) - Philosophy, Gaming, Machiavellianism

Machavelli Lately, the president of the United States Bill Clinton, has pursued some policies that have been very unpopular not only with the general public but the electorate as well. Besides the whole Monica ordeal he feels that these unpopular policies will effect the results of the next election. The presidential advisors have formulated countless plans but no plan has seemed to work. One idea would be to leave the unpopular policies as they are because of the president and advisors belief that they are the best for the country. Another option would be to just present the unpopular policies in a new way to maybe change public opinion on them. Still another would be to just ignore the policies and concentrate on the election. No matter what option , if any, should be chosen one must be thought up quick and it must not only address the problem but solve it and fast. Since I have recently learned about Machiavelli and his work titled The Prince I feel his opinions would help to influence some decisions for the president and his advisors. A first and very important view of Machiavelli would be his view of the prince and his advisors. "It is an infallible rule that a prince who is not wise himself cannot be well advised."(p.117) As it is up to the prince to be well advised it is also up to the president to be well advised as well. The president's advisors, as well as the president, are not sure what actions to take, which in Machiavelli's view would not be a good characteristic of a leader and as a result would not help gain friendship of the people. Good relationship with the people is one of his greatest points because without the people there is no leader. The leader, the president, must have the support of the people and if not he will not stay in power long. The president is not doing a good job of this because of his very unpopular policies. Machiavelli would never choose to just continue on the same path and peruse unpopular policies. "It is necessary for a prince to possess the friendship; otherwise he has no recourse in times of adversity."(p.65) In response to this he would abandon the unpopular policies and concentrate on winning the election, keeping the people happy. Not only should the leader concentrate on the present and the future but consider the past. " The prince ought to read history and study the actions of eminent men, examine the causes of their victories and defeat in order to imitate the former and avoid the latter."(p.82) History is bound to repeat itself if not watched very carefully. The leader must avoid repeating the blunders of the past and take note of the victories preceding him. Another view that would help the president out in his policies would be Machiavelli's view on boldness. The leader is far better of to be bold instead of cautious. If you expect for the worse and be prepared for bad times even if its not the best strategy you will be better off in the long run. "For if it happens that time and circumstances are favourable to one who acts with caution and prudence he will be successful, but if time and circumstances change he will be ruined, because he does not change his mode of procedure."(p. 121) The leader must at all times be prepared for the worst so he does not get caught off guard and make the people mad. If these views of Machiavelli seem straight forward or to direct maybe Leo Strauss or J.G.A. Pocock could explain these methods of leadership to the president. Pocock would elaborate on the subject of historical awareness. He could help the president understand that we have to look to our past to help better ourselves for the future. Strauss on the hand would compare Machiavelli to the greeks and thier writtings. He would go in depth though about how the greeks, Mr. T in particular, were kings in understatements while Machiavelli was very straightforward in his writtings. After presenting these views to the president I hope my knowledge of Machiavelli and his way of thinking could help influence the policies in place and maybe help the president win the up coming election. Maybe after my essay is read and I graduate Southwest Texas with a Political Science degree maybe I could get a job at the White House and someday take over his job.

Blood Brother essays

Blood Brother essays Over the years there has been a powerful increase in Aborigines fighting for their rights, by boldly challenging the misrepresentation created by the media and the ignorant myths, which have placed a shadow upon our native people. "Broken English", part of the series of four, "Blood Brothers" was produced by both Rachel Perkins, head of the Aboriginal Unit at SBS Television, and independent film maker Ned Lander. The first episode of the four looks in on the unethical imprisonment of Rupert Max Stuart, a young Arrente man from central Australia, for the rape and murder of a nine-year-old girl by the name of Mary Hattam. Documentaries are frequently structured and presented to position viewers to agree with a bias point of view. By selecting verbal language, information, creating an effective filmic presentation and utilising doco-drama techniques, the viewer is swayed to believe in Stuart's innocence for a crime by which he was falsely accused. The selection of information was carefully constructed to persuade the viewer to agree with the perspectives of the documentary - that Stuart was wrongly convicted. The producers decided to include all evidence that sided with Stuart to enhance the truth of his virtuousness. For example, an incomprehensible re-enactment, displaying Rupert's natural verbal ability at the time, showed clearly to the viewer that he was not only defenceless, but was completely unaware of what was going on and in no way, was capable of relaying his side of the story - had he ever been given the chance. It also used convincing personalities such as John Starke, the Royal Commission lawyer who took over Stuart's case following Shand's withdrawal and a Catholic Priest, Father Dixon, he too assured of Stuart's innocence. This type of information selected brought credibility to the documentary's persuasive argument showing the corrupt and immoral legal system at the time. When the documentary shows the carniv al organis...

Sensory analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Sensory analysis - Essay Example Sensory Analysis involves gathering information from the consumers about the objective facts, preferences, and the perceptions regarding a product. Large firms have traditionally had the advantage of employing a larger amount of money and manpower to implement costly, wide reaching advertising campaigns and experimenting with new product, which may be withdrawn, if not successful. The formulation and marketing of new products is a complex process and there can be many influencing factors such as consumer preferences, the target consumer’s perception of the product and the purchase behavior of the consumers. It is important for firms to have complete knowledge of the market segments that they are targeting their products at. The knowledge of these facts can come from marketing analysis and Sensory analysis. Sensory Analysis is conducted to get information about consumer’s acceptance of a product and in what way the product appeals to his/her senses (asiamarketresearch.com) For conducting sensory analysis, usually third party firms are engaged, a set of ‘naive’ people are requested to test the product. The analysis of their experience is done by collating the results of homogenous groups. These groups represent different socio-economic categories. It is therefore possible to gauge the responses of the groups and determine the product that would most appeal to a particular socio-economic stratum. Sensory Analysis can actually help businesses to come up with different flavors of a particular product by using the collected information. This can be a cost-effective way of pitching the same product to different sets of consumers. Sensory Analysis plays a very prominent role in quality control. Quality has always been described as fit-for-purpose and that which satisfies the requirements. Knowing what the consumer preferences are can be great help in determining the quality

Open Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Open - Research Paper Example Qualifications wise the board is a mix of innovators and researchers. The board comprises two PhD holders and key personalities like Robert A. Iger the current CEO and president of The Walt Disney Company (Apple Inc., 2013b). The combination of innovation and research gives Apple’s Board the leadership qualities that are needed for consumer electronics business. Research provides Apple with access to the latest technology while innovation provides the company’s products with the competitive edge over its rivals. The board can take decisions based on both technology and innovation. 2. Committees the board sits on: The board at Apple Inc. sits on three committees: Audit and Finance, Compensation and Nominating and Corporate Governance. The Audit and Finance committee is responsible for maintaining the financial matters of the company. Moreover the committee looks after the audit system, performs risk management and also looks after the security of the data. Financial matt ers are of great importance to Apple Inc. and to make sure that the committee functions at optimum efficiency the members of the committee are some of the brilliant minds of the leading companies in the world (Apple Inc., 2011a). The second committee is Compensation committee whose main purpose is to design incentive plans for the company. In addition to designing the Committee can also review and modify any incentive plan as it sees fit. The committee has three members with Andrea Jung being the chairperson for the Committee (Apple Inc., 2013a). The third Committee is Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee whose sole responsibility is to nominate candidates for the Board of Directors at Apple Inc. In addition the committee can advise the Board of Directors regarding matters of governance. The committee comprises three members and William V. Campbell is appointed as the Chairperson of the Committee (Apple Inc., 2011). 3. Management at Apple Inc: Most of the individuals workin g for Apple have been working with the company since its formation. There are a few who joined shortly after Steve Jobs was made the CEO at Apple Inc. in 1997 (Apple Inc., 2013d). The management team is a relatively experienced one with people who have worked with some of the greatest companies in the world. One such example is Craig Federighi the Senior Vice President at the company. Federighi worked for NeXT Inc. and Ariba before working for Apple in 2009. NeXT Inc. and Ariba were one of the most popular IT companies of their time. Federighi is just one example of the many experienced individuals working for the management of Apple Inc. (Lowensohn, 2011). 4. Board’s Philosophy on Executive Compensation: Executive compensation at Apple Incorporation is determined by the Compensation Committee which comprises 4 non-employee directors of the company. As per the â€Å"Definitive Proxy Statement†, the executive compensation program of the company includes awarding Restric ted Stock Units (RSU) to all executive members of the company (Apple Inc., 2013d). However, the RSUs were not awarded to one executive member, Timothy Cook, who was promoted to the CEO of the company. In addition, the Compensation committee also has established a sound basis for determining the remuneration and bonuses for executive members of the company. As for instance, the Committee considers a number of factors while evaluating the remuneration and bonuses of the executive members, which include: Competitive Market

Positive and negative aspects of globalisation

Positive and negative aspects of globalisation This study debates the positive and negative aspects of globalisation and attempts to determine the impact of the phenomenon on the lives of modern day humans. Globalisation is undoubtedly the defining feature of the contemporary world (International .2006, p 101-111). Economic globalisation, the driver of this phenomenon, concerns the growing interdependence of different national economies that is taking place because of the continuance and growth of international trade in commodities and services, rapid advancement and spread of technologies, flow of international capital across states, and movement of people across geographic borders (Kim Zurlo, 2008, p 130-141). Economic globalisation is in another sense fundamentally driven by the ever growing desire of organisations and people across the world to take advantage of modern day opportunities, earn more money and grow in financial and economic terms (Kim Zurlo, 2008, p 130-141). Globalisation has come about and is spreading rapidly because of two important factors; advances in areas of science and technology and the global economic policies of powerful nations and organisations (Kim Zurlo, 2008, p 130-141). Astonishing advances in areas of science and technology have made it far simpler, easier, and cheaper for people to talk to each other across vast distances and exchange information and documents (International .2006, p 101-111). The growth of the Worldwide Web and the Internet have made huge amounts of information and data available to people in rich and poor countries, developed and developing economies, and in near and remote locations. Every person on this earth with a small personal computer and a broadband connection has as much information as any other. He or she can communicate across the world, find organisations and businesses, and engage in economic, cultural and social activity (International .2006, p 101-111). Advances in transportation tech nology have reduced costs of transportation immensely in terms of ocean freight costs and air fares, making it significantly easier for people to travel across vast distances and send both goods and services to distant locations (International .2006, p 101-111). Whilst globalisation has been facilitated by the many tools generated by science and technology, it has been initiated and encouraged by neo-liberal western economies like the United States, the UK and the wealthy countries of Western Europe (Boyer, 1993, p 10-12). These nations found themselves in control of the global economy after the collapse of the Soviet Union and initiated a number of economic and trade policies for the reduction of trade barriers and the movement of capital, production and service facilities, and people across nations. (Boyer, 1993, p 10-12) Such initiatives enabled the western nations to gain access to the huge markets in Asia, Latin America and Africa that they had lost in the wake of the demise of colonialism and enabled powerful western business organisations to use their financial and physical resources to establish and increase their business hegemony across the world (Gibson, 2003, p 59-73). The initiation and implementation of economic liberalisation policies by the majority of developing countries, at the instance of the IMF and the World Bank, provided western MNCs access to virgin new markets teeming with opportunity, and to good quality production and service facilities at costs that were unimaginable in the advanced economies (Gibson, 2003, p 59-73). Globalisation, whilst fed and facilitated by such factors, has increased rapidly in recent years and has assumed a life and a character of its own that now appears to be irreversible and beyond the control of any particular nation or group of nations (Standing Alber, 2000, p 99-119). The economies of various countries of developed economies and developing nations are now so interdependent that any effort to go against the trend seems to be absurd and doomed to failure (Standing Alber, 2000, p 99-119). Whilst globalisation, both economic and cultural, now appears to be irreversible, its impact continues to be fiercely debated (Standing Alber, 2000, p 99-119). Supporters of globalisation point to the enormous economic advancements that have been achieved by national economies, both in the developed and in the developing world, during the last two decades (International .2006, p 101-111). They state that the forces of globalisation, which have resulted in high levels of interaction between the peoples of different nations, in terms of exchange of goods, capital and people, and have been instrumental in bringing about unprecedented and astonishing growth in economic activity and cultural exchange, will also bring about greater convergence of global society in terms of economic and social equality between the people of rich and poor nations and the creation of a convergent global social and economic order (International .2006, p 101-111). Critics of globalisation are however equally forceful in their opinion of globalisation being little other than a tool of western nations for increasing their international economic and political hegemony (Tonelson, 2002, p 6-12). Such critics argue that the MNCs, like Nike, Gap, Coca Cola, IBM, who are the fundamental drivers of economic globalisation, are using every available opportunity to increase their profitability and are routinely engaging in a range of oppressive activities in the developing countries (Brecher Costello, 1994, p 1-4). They are on one hand using their resources and skills to establish market dominance over smaller, less resourced and less skilled local entrepreneurs and taking away from them their rightful markets (Brecher Costello, 1994, p 1-4). They are on the other hand exploiting the widespread economic poverty and need that exists in the developing world to obtain goods and services at cheap rates (Brecher Costello, 1994, p 1-4). Economic globalisatio n, such people state, far from creating convergence, is actively increasing the divergence between global societies (Brecher Costello, 1994, p 1-4). Recent years, they argue, have witnessed an increase in the economic differences between rich and poor societies, rather than in any meaningful convergence. Globalisation they state is resulting in a race to the bottom with increasing inequalities between different segments of people (Rudra, 2008, p 15-21). This short study takes up the debate between these two positions with reference to actual examples from rich and poor nations and strives to relate policy debates with actual realities. It strives to examine both sides of the debate and analyse whether globalisation in its present form will bring about greater economic and cultural harmony or should be moderated in the interest of social justice and equality. Race to the Bottom The race to the bottom represents a new economic phenomenon that is essentially an offspring of increasing globalisation (Tonelson, 2002, p 6-12). The concept results from the desires of developing economies in the contemporary globalised scenario for greater levels of FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) to boost their per capita GDP (Rudra, 2008, p 15-21). Such FDI is invited by developing countries for the installation of production facilities for domestic as well as international consumption. Many developing economies invite FDIs and foreign participation in their economies by promising (a) opportunities to MNCs for engaging cheap and skilled labour, and (b) freedom of action with regard to hiring and firing of workers (Rudra, 2008, p 15-21). The current boom in FDIs is being driven by the desire of MNCs to establish production and service locations in low wage areas, where governments allow organisations to operate without inconvenient restrictions (Gibson, 2003, p 59-73). The passage of various free trade agreements, another integral component of the globalisation phenomenon, provides little by way of protection of the rights of workers (USLEAP, 2010, p 1). Although South America constitutes the largest supplier of bananas to the US, banana farmers and workers are continually battling injustices, poor and insecure working conditions and insufficient wages (USLEAP, 2010, p 1). Such desires and circumstances have resulted in an ongoing initiative by various MNCs to reduce their production costs by seeking out countries and regions that offer cheap wages and have low regulatory controls (Gibson, 2003, p 59-73). MNCs, in their desire to achieve high profits, actively search for countries without labour regulations in order to construct factories and begin production of goods with swiftness and at remarkably low costs (Gibson, 2003, p 59-73). With some countries offering tax incentives for specific periods of time in return for investment in factories, MNCs are also able to reduce their total overhead costs by choosing their production locations with care (Gibson, 2003, p 59-73). The desire for developing economies to attract foreign investment often leads to intense competition between nations in offering more attractive production environments, which in other words translates into availability of workers with cheaper wages and slack labour regulations (Balko, 2010, p 1). Such actions essentially result in the constant depression of wages to workers and to poor working conditions. MNCs, in their desire for cheaper production costs and greater profitability, bring about a race to the bottom where workers are exploited continuously, compelled to work for low wages in difficult working conditions, and face risks of unemployment, whenever MNCs locate more favourable locations and decide to take their business and manufacturing facilities elsewhere (Balko, 2010, p 1). A 2000 BBC report revealed an alarming incidence of child workers and adverse working conditions at the Nike and Gap sweatshops in Cambodia. Subsequent to the expose, both companies stopped operatio ns in Cambodia leaving hundreds jobless (Balko, 2010, p 1). This race to the bottom, experts on globalisation state, is resulting, not just in greater inequality between the rich and the poor, but in an all enveloping phenomenon that is diminishing the lives and the environments of the people of developing countries (Tonelson, 2002, p 6-12). China and India provide numerous examples of how multinationals are exploiting workers (Chan, 2003, p 21- 28). American MNCs constantly ask for lower prices from their suppliers in China. The resultant reduction in wages to workers is thereafter cloaked by incorrect payroll reporting (Chan, 2003, p 21- 28). Dan McDougall (2008) states that companies like Gap and Esprit, both of which are widely recognised fashion brands, use subcontractors in India that surreptitiously use child labour behind closed doors and employ local toughs to keep visitors away. Local factory owners in India dodge labour regulations and powerful labour unions in order to employ an ever growing force of poor rural children. Many such children, especially those engaged in the textile sector, damage their eyesight and hands from long hours of work in badly lit rooms. Their growth is adversely affected by having to sit in abnormal positions in uncomfortable work stations. Most of them do not have fixed working hours or supportive trade unions. The wages of child workers are sometimes less than 20% of adult wages (McDougall, 2008, p1). The UN-HABITAT (2004), in a recent publication, states that the benefits of globalisation, in terms of improvements in incomes and economic growth are being negated by the rapid and unplanned urbanisation of cities, greater inequality and increased poverty. The movement of jobs and money to cities and states that can provide cheap labour is fuelling this race to the bottom. It is estimated that approximately 2 billion people, 75 % of the combined present day population of India and China, will live in slums by 2030. Amongst the worst affected by the reduction of barriers to the mobile modern day industries are female workers, whose wages and working conditions have reduced significantly. This race to the bottom is not just limited to the poorer developing nations. Even productive industrial cities like Detroit and Chicago have lost significant shares of their available jobs, because of production activities being shipped abroad by numerous business organisations (UN-HABITAT, 2004, p 1-2). Convergence and the Race to the Top Whilst the apprehensions and worries evidenced by modern day economists and experts on globalisation are very real and cause for immense concern, it would be foolish to deny the significance of the changes brought about by globalisation (Boyer, 1993, p 15-29). The composition of trade has for example changed dramatically over the last two decades. Both developing and industrialised countries now trade in competing products (Neto Viega, 2009, p 16-25). Whilst western economies, ever since the days of the industrial revolution, has exported manufactured products with high value addition, even as the rest of the world has traditionally exported primary commodities with low margins, more than 70% of the exports of developing countries are now constituted of manufactured items. Services, which until recent years were essentially local in nature, are progressively increasing their share of global trade (Neto Viega, 2009, p 16-25). Much of this shift in composition of trade has been accompanied with global redistribution of employment, as well as production (Boyer, 1993, p 15-29). Developing countries have now become important suppliers of numerous industrial goods. The advanced economies are also being able to sustain their economic growth with the support of an ever growing services sector in the developing countries (Boyer, 1993, p 15-29). MNCs, it cannot be denied, have contributed to such structural changes by shifting their operations to locations that are proximal to markets and have low labour costs (Boyer, 1993, p 15-29). Many countries that have been able to integrate into the global trading scheme are growing faster, obtaining better access to technology and capital, improving their productivity and achieving higher living standards (Boyer, 1993, p 15-29). China and India provide good examples of the adoption of sound economic and development strategies that take advantage of globalisation opportunities and yet ensure protection from its ill effects (Chan, 2003, p 21- 28). China has been regularly achieving an annual GDP growth rate in excess of 10% on the back of an export led economy that services markets across the world (Chan, 2003, p 21- 28). Such economic growth has changed the lives of millions of people and brought them above the poverty line (Chan, 2003, p 21- 28). The poverty rate in India remained stagnant from the late 1940s to the early 1980s despite the best efforts of a succession of socialist governments. The countrys growth rate spiked after the adoption of liberalisation policies i n the early 1980s. The growth rate soon crossed 6% and the country was able to cut poverty in half in the ensuing two decades (Rudra, 2008, p 30-39). There is also a hard body of evidence to suggest that the growing economic interdependency of the contemporary globalised era will inevitably compel most countries and organisations to adopt similar managerial and social processes to bring about a homogenisation of national, fiscal and social policies (Boyer, 1993, p 15-29). Such adoption of technologies and processes are being witnessed in China and India and will progressively pervade the developing world (Boyer, 1993, p 15-29). Supporters of globalisation argue that higher economic growth and incomes will automatically result in greater financial resources with states, which can then be used for improvement of social security and the quality of life of disadvantaged population segments and bring about improvements in education, skills and earning power (Boyer, 1993, p 15-29). Such processes will inevitably converge across nations to bring about improvements in the quality of life of millions of people across the globe and bring about a race to the top (Boyer, 1993, p 15-29). These arguments are of course supported by enormous data on the improvement in employment figures, higher incomes and better quality of life of people in the developing countries that have embraced globalisation. Discussion Globalisation has very clearly brought about immense benefits to the peoples of both developed and developing nations (International .2006, p 101-111). Whilst the developed economies have been able to use the huge markets and cost economic production bases that have opened up in the developing regions of Asia, South America, Africa and East Europe to sustain and grow their economies, the developing countries have been able to use their bank of skilled and unskilled people to increase employment, incomes, education and quality of life in their nations (International .2006, p 101-111). Mathematically and logically the situation appears to be a win-win situation for both the developed and the developing world and should hypothetically over time lead to a homogeneous mass of people across the world with converging political, social and economic processes and improved qualities of life (International .2006, p 101-111). Unfortunately the situation is hardly as simple as this. The ongoing process of globalisation is actually being carried forward by the actions of numerous international business organisations (Standing Alber, 2000, p 99-119). Many of these organisations are aiming to maximise their profits by exploiting each and every opportunity that is becoming available to them, because of (a) the eagerness of developing countries to accept their investment, and (b) the rather undeveloped legal infrastructural and social security systems in such countries (Standing Alber, 2000, p 99-119). Such circumstances are leading to numerous instances of oppression of vulnerable people, destruction of valuable environmental habitat, and elimination of local skills, cultures and even societies (Standing Alber, 2000, p 99-119). Relentless depletion of Philippines forest area from 35 to 20 percent is a direct result of the down levelling effect of globalisation (Brecher Costello, 1994, p 1-4). Local governm ents and regulatory authorities are in most cases ill-equipped and incapable of preventing such injustices from taking place (Standing Alber, 2000, p 99-119). The impetus of globalisation has also essentially come about from the development of a neo-liberal global economic order that allows international business organisations to do much as they please and renders national governments incapable of bringing in safeguards to protect their people, without losing out on fresh as well as existing investment (Tonelson, 2002, p 18-26). The situation is further compounded by the lack of a global regulatory body for the control of international trade and commerce from the humanistic perspective (Tonelson, 2002, p 18-26). Whilst much of international effort in the area of globalisation has focused on the facilitation of international business through the easing of capital and tariff barriers and recent years are seeing the growth of an international lobby for the protection of the global environment, there is no body or apparatus that protects the rights of workers and other segments of society who can be hurt by the rampant and uncontrolled actions of international business organisations and their local suppliers (Tonelson, 2002, p 18-26). The need of the hour is for the formation of a global body that will take concerted and joint action to protect the international society, and particularly that of the developing world, from the effects of the many unfortunate imbalances that can occur because of the desperation of local governments for attraction of investment and the propensity of business organisations to forsake social concern for organisational profit (Tonelson, 2002, p 18-26). Conclusions This study debates the positive and negative aspects of globalisation and attempts to determine the impact of the phenomenon on the lives of modern day humans. Globalisation is undoubtedly the defining feature of the contemporary world. Supporters of globalisation point to the enormous economic advancements that have been achieved by national economies, both in the developed and in the developing world, during the last two decades. They state that the forces of globalisation, which have resulted in high levels of interaction between the peoples of different nations, in terms of exchange of goods, capital and people, and have been instrumental in bringing about unprecedented and astonishing growth in economic activity and cultural exchange, will also bring about greater convergence of global society in terms of economic and social equality between the people of rich and poor nations and the creation of a convergent global social and economic order. Critics of globalisation are however equally forceful in their opinion of globalisation being little other than a tool of western nations for increasing their international economic and political hegemony. Such critics argue that the MNCs, who are the fundamental drivers of economic globalisation, are using every available opportunity to increase their profitability and are routinely engaging in a range of oppressive activities in the developing countries. Whilst the apprehensions and worries evidenced by modern day economists and experts on globalisation are very real and cause for immense concern, it would be foolish to deny the significance of the changes brought about by globalisation. The need of the hour is for the formation of a global body that will take concerted and joint action to protect the international society, and particularly that of the developing world, from the effects of the many unfortunate imbalances that can occur because of the desperation of local governments for attraction of investment and the propensity of business organisations to forsake social concern for organisational profit.

Why special needs children should be mainstreamed

This article spends the bulk of its clip informing the reader of the different facts behind the history of mainstreaming instruction. It begins with a glossary of different footings that are used when discoursing mainstreaming. This glossary becomes rather utile, in that it relates the reader to terminology such as, IDEA, which is the Persons with Disabilities Education Act, or IEPT which is Individualized Education Planning Team. It so moves on to the background of mainstream instruction. It shows the economic facets every bit good, demoing that to educate a mentally impaired kid it costs about three times the sum it does to educate a kid that is non mentally impaired. It so goes on to advert how Michigan has gone supra and beyond the federal Torahs when related to mainstream instruction. The article concludes by adverting the rapid growing of particular instruction, which besides means an addition in the demand for mainstreaming these kids. This article is a firsthand history of what one instructor has learned after learning kids that have been mainstreamed. She makes three points about what demand to be realized about mainstreaming in her article. The first thing she points out is a immense barrier towards mainstreaming. The writer points out that kids that are mentally impaired and mainstreamed, are by and large self-aware about it, and hence do non desire to pull attending to themselves, and so make non inquire inquiries, because they do non desire to look foolish. She so points out that kids that are non mentally impaired do non inquire inquiries because they do non desire to be looked at as the dense pupil. Another point that this writer makes is that mentally impaired pupils need one-on-one contact with a instructor, which can be hard when being mainstreamed, and being in category with 30 or more other pupils. This article was really enlightening, in demoing the differences between mainstreaming instruction for mentally impaired pupils, and the thought of inclusion. Perles points out that the chief difference between the two is the sum of support the pupil gets from instructors and other staff. Another big difference between the two is the outlook of the pupil. When being mainstreamed a mentally impaired pupil is expected to larn at a similar gait as the other pupils, although a small spot slower, when traveling through inclusion the outlooks are much lower, but are still related to what is expected of the other pupils. The thought behind mainstreaming is to assist a pupil better academically and socially by being given higher outlooks, and being around other pupils. The thought behind inclusion is assisting mentally impaired pupils better socially by puting them in schoolrooms with other pupils, instead than concentrate on faculty members. This article points out non merely some of the benefits of mainstream instruction, but besides some marks to state whether or non a pupil should be mainstreamed or non. The writer points out instantly that taking whether or non to mainstream a kid is a personal pick for any parent of a particular needs kid. She so mentions some of the factors one should see when make up one's minding whether or non to mainstream their kid. First, a parent should see the noise degree of a schoolroom, and whether their kid would be able to work with an increased noise degree, as compared to a schoolroom that contains other mentally impaired pupils merely. Another of import factor is how the kid behaves normally in public, if the kid is person that is non capable of acting themselves around other people in public, so they would non profit from being mainstreamed. The writer goes on to advert that mainstreaming can hold positive effects on all kids, the mentally disabled kids gain the societal accomplish ments, and derive friendly relationships, while other kids, without those disabilities learn how to handle people that are different than they are. This article attempts to present the reader to the construct of mainstreaming mentally impaired kids in public instruction. The writer starts the article by specifying what inclusion is. He so points out that there are two chief types of inclusion. Inclusion itself is when particular demands kids spends a few categories with general instruction classs, and so pass the remainder of the twenty-four hours with the particular instruction categories, whereas Full-inclusion is when particular needs kids spend the full twenty-four hours in general instruction categories. Full-inclusion frequently means that there is either no particular instruction schoolroom, or that there are really few pupils in at that place, with merely one or two instructors. As the writer points out, inclusion is popular for a few grounds, first it follows the American with Disabilities Education Act ( aka IDEA ) , and the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. Another large ground that inclusion is a popular thought is that it is cost effectual, by incorporating mentally disabled pupils into general instruction schoolrooms, schools do non necessitate to engage as many staff members as they would if they were unable to mainstream those pupils. Arguably the biggest job confronting inclusion is the deficiency of general instruction instructors being trained so that they are able to learn both the mentally disabled pupils and the other pupils reasonably, without being excessively hard on the mentally handicapped, and without being excessively simple for the remainder of the category. This article looks at the practicality of inclusion. The writer spends most of the article informing the reader about some of the jobs that face inclusion, and the practicality of it. She mentions that one of the biggest jobs confronting inclusion is that the instructors need to be trained in how to learn, non merely general instruction pupils, but besides mentally impaired pupils, and non merely separately, but both at the same clip. What the reader needs to recognize, nevertheless, is that the writer is non merely playing Satans advocator for inclusion, but instead, the writer is indicating out the defects with full-inclusion, which is easy the more hard of the two when it comes to execution. Unfortunately, many of the points that are brought up in this article that have become outdated, and this is non the mistake of the writer. The article was originally published in October 1997. Over the last 13 old ages, while the jobs that are brought frontward by the writer have non been sol ved, but at that place have been paces to better these jobs, and they are being solved reasonably quickly. This article informs the reader of what an inclusive school is like. The writer points out that if inclusion is traveling to be successful, so the mentally impaired pupils need to be viewed the same as any other pupil, by every other pupil. Until this happens, inclusion can non be considered complete, or successful. The writer besides includes a chart of things that inclusion seeks to make in any schoolroom, things that it tries to make less of, and things it tries to make more of. This includes things like Less whole category teacher-directed direction and More attending to affectional demands and the changing cognitive manners of single pupils. If inclusion is traveling to work so schools need to turn to the points that this writer brings up, and either work out the jobs associated with them, or implement the different thoughts. This article sets out to open the eyes of the reader to the existent grounds behind the mainstream motion. The writer points out instantly the grounds that she believes mainstream instruction has become such a popular thought. The writers first ground for the popularity behind the popularity it has incurred is cost. It is a batch cheaper to pay for a few instructors that can learn both mentally disabled kids, and general instruction kids, than wage for instructors for each separately. The ground is non so that schools can do more money by non paying for single particular instruction teachers, but instead because schools are confronting more and more budget cuts, particularly in Michigan, schools need to happen manner to cut costs, and by doing particular needs kids take category with general instruction pupils the school does non hold to pay for an excess teacher. The writer so mentions that this is all being done deceivingly, by mentioning that this is being done so that mentally im paired kids are treated with equality, when compared to other kids, people decide that these kids need to be mainstreamed, and the terminal consequence is that they may non be acquiring the instruction they would be acquiring if they were non being mainstreamed. This article is alone from the remainder in that it non merely supports the thought of mainstream instruction, but the article lists seven stairss that parents of mentally disabled kids should travel through to assist find whether or non they should see mainstreaming their kid. The writer besides mentions that while mainstreaming is something to see, there are certain fortunes that one needs to believe about earlier merely presuming that mainstreaming their kid is the right manner to travel. Before one determines that they will partake with a mainstream-style instruction for their kid they need to see the badness of their kids damage. If their kid is badly impaired, or needs a batch of single attending, so the kid can non work in a mainstream environment, and it would destroy the categories that they would go to. But, if you determine that your kid will be able to manage mainstream instruction, they should. There have been surveies that have shown that kids that go through mainstream instruction go more functioning parts of society than those that were isolated in merely particular instruction schoolrooms. One key point that the writer did do is that mainstream instruction demands to turn to the demands of the mentally impaired kid, while still turn toing what the other pupils need academically. This article decidedly seems to be the most cheerful about mainstream instruction. The writer references that for mainstream instruction to work parents necessitate to be involved, but allow the kids believe they are the ground that everything is working so good. While the parents need to let their kids to believe this duty is theirs entirely, the parents besides play a important function in how effectual mainstream instruction will be for their kid. The parents need to back up their kids, while keeping a moderately high degree of outlooks for their kids, and this manner the pupil will make their maximal potency. One really of import factor that the3 writer points out is that, while parents can presume that the people in charge of running mainstream instruction have their kids best involvement in head, the parents are the lone people that are traveling to be worried about their kid above all else. Parents need to be the figure one advocator for their kid, or they will non acquire wha t they want out of mainstream instruction. This article points out something that none of the others has, mainstream instruction does non merely impact the parents, and mentally handicapped kid. Mainstream instruction affects the full household, siblings can frequently clock feel isolated from their parents when all of this attending is traveling to merely one of their kids. The writer points out that one thing that parents should look into is happening some signifier of support for everyone in the household.

Interest Rate Risk

INTEREST RATE RISKQ1. Which of the following correctly defines Basis Risk? (MCQ)A company having a variable interest rate for a specific loanA company having a fixed interest rate for all loansThe risk of the difference of interest rate amount set on assets & liabilitiesA company has a similar quantity of assets & liabilities, having a different basis for their floating rate(2 marks) This information relates to Q2 & Q3.Rotec Co wants to borrow $30,800 in two months' time ; is seeking to save them from any interest risk. The bank has explained an agreement to provide hedging for Rotec Co. This agreement can lock interest rates for future. The borrowing will be for three months. The forward rate agreement is as follows: 2 months V 3 months 3% – 4.5%2 months V 5 months 4.2% – 5.1% Q2. Calculate the interest amount to be paid if the actual rate will be 3% in two months' time? (MCQ)$161.7$231$392.7$924(2 marks) Q3. Calculate the refund amount by the bank if the actual rate will be 6.3% in two months' time? (MCQ) $46.2$92.4$138.6$161.7(2 marks) Q4. A company is looking at the following options to hedge itself from interest risks. Which of the following will support the cause? (MRQ) SmoothingMoney market agreementsMatchingDealing with home currency(2 marks) Q5. A yield curve is a relationship between yield ; maturity dates of similar bonds. Select the appropriate yield curve. (P;D)Short-term bonds have lower yield due to their risk Long-term yields have lower yield due to the downfall in the economy Short/Long – term bonds provide a close equal yield FLAT YIELD CURVE NORMAL YIELD CURVE INVERTED YIELD CURVE(2 marks) Q6. Select the appropriate theories in relation to different interest rates on different securities. (P;D)Investors needing high returns for long-term security contracts The assumption by an investor that higher interest rates are due to future inflation Security markets are separate from each other ; have distinct customers GOVERNMENT POLICY MARKET SEGMENTATION THEORY LIQUIDITY PREFERENCE THEORY EXPECTATION THEORY(2 marks) Q7. Select the appropriate option relating to the usefulness of the yield curve. (HA)Yield curve may indicate the economy position TRUE FALSEYield curve may be helpful in decision making with respect to loan ; but not interest TRUE FALSE(2 marks) Q8. Which of the following contract have long-term validity? (MCQ)Currency FuturesInterest rate OptionsInterest rate Swaps Forward rate agreements(2 marks) Q9. Select the appropriate option in relation to interest rate futures. (HA)If the need for Borrowing, Selling the futures now ; Buying them back at the close date TRUE FALSEIf the need for Deposit, Selling the futures now ; Buying them back at the close date TRUE FALSE(2 marks) Q10. Which of the following statements is correct? (MCQ)Currency futures have a range of closeout datesInterest rate options are cheaper than Forwarding rate agreementsForward rate agreements lapse if unused in the given time periodSwaps are unable to be exercised if the amount ; time periods are different(2 marks) Q11. Yakut wants to borrow money from the bank in three months' time by using a collar transaction. Which of the following statements are true in relation to the collar transaction? (MRQ) Yakut will buy a cap agreementBank will buy a cap agreementYakut will sell a flooring agreementBank will sell a flooring agreement(2 marks) Q12. Uma Co wants to deposit money into Hale Ltd, a banking institution. Hale has offered a collar transaction. Which of the following statements are correct? (MRQ) Bank will sell a cap agreementUma Co will sell a cap agreementUma Co will sell a flooring agreementBank will buy a flooring agreement(2 marks)INTEREST RATE RISK (ANSWERS)Q1. DA company having a variable interest rate for a specific loan (Floating interest rate risk)A company having a fixed interest rate for all loans (Fixed interest rate risk)The risk of the difference of interest rate amount set on assets & liabilities (Gap risk)A company has a similar quantity of assets & liabilities, having a different basis for their floating rate (Basis risk) Q2. CInterest Payment = [30,800 Ãâ€" (3% Ãâ€" 3/12)] = $231Payment Extra = [30,800 Ãâ€" ({5.1 – 3} % Ãâ€" 3/12)] = $161.7Total cost = 231 + 161.7 = $392.7 Q3. BInterest Payment = [30,800 Ãâ€" (6.3% Ãâ€" 3/12)] = $485.1Refund = [30,800 Ãâ€" ({6.3 – 5.1} % Ãâ€" 3/12)] = $92.4Total cost = 485.1 – 92.4 = $392.7 Q4.Smoothing, Maintaining a balance between fixed & floating borrowing rates (Correct)Money market agreements not exist (Incorrect)Matching, Matching assets & liabilities with same interest rates (Correct)Dealing in home currency, the technique of dealing foreign currency risk (Incorrect) Q5.Short-term bonds have lower yield due to their riskNORMAL YIELD CURVE   Long-term yields have lower yield due to the downfall in the economy INVERTED YIELD CURVE Short/Long – term bonds provide a close equal yield FLAT YIELD CURVENORMAL YIELD = Sign of economic boom INVERTED YIELD = Sign of economic recessionFLAT YIELD = Sign of transition from boom to recession or vice versa Q6.Investors needing high returns for long-term security contracts LIQUIDITY PREFERENCE THEORY The assumption by an investor that higher interest rates are due to future inflation     EXPECTATION THEORY Security markets are separate from each other & have distinct customers   MARKET SEGMENTATION THEORY The government policy of keeping interest rates high may effect in keeping short-term interest rates higher than long-term rates. Similarly, a government may also keep very low short-term interest rates. Q7.Yield curve may indicate the economy position TRUE Yield curve may be helpful in decision making with respect to loan & but not interest FALSEYield curves help in both loan & interest decision making. Q8. CAll other agreements are less than a year. Q9. If the need for Borrowing, Selling the futures now & Buying them back at the close date TRUE If the need for Deposit, Selling the futures now & Buying them back at the close date FALSEIf the need for Deposit, Buying the futures now & Sell them back at the close date Q10.Currency futures have a range of closeout dates, has specified date (False)Interest rate options are cheaper than Forwarding rate agreements, are expensive (False)Forward rate agreements lapses if unused in the given time period, have to close out at the given time (False)Swaps are unable to be exercised if the amount & time periods are different, it can only be exercised if timing & the amount are same hence (True) Q11. Yakut will buy a cap agreementYakut will sell a flooring agreementCap is an interest rate ceiling limiting the interest rate. Floor sets a lower limit of interest rates. Q12.Bank will sell a cap agreementBank will buy a flooring agreementCap is an interest rate ceiling limiting the interest rate. Floor sets a lower limit of interest rates.